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      June 2010

Dear Subscriber,
 
   Our FE eNews happens each month thanks to the software talents of our Executive Director, Jacqueline Panting, N.D., who returned from a well-deserved vacation in Spain, just before the deadline for this June issue. 
 
Our Fourth Conference on Future Energy (COFE4), united with SPESIF scheduled for March 15-17, 2011, has issued a Call for Papers notification (see story #6). Please send in your Abstracts by the August 15th deadline to be considered. The sponsoring organization www.ias-spes.org also provides peer-reviewed publication through the American Institute of Physics (AIP) for those papers accepted, which is a prestigious value for your presentation. You can also plan on attending for half-price, without presenting a paper, and going to any of the five parallel conferences and symposia. Keep in mind that the same future energy concepts as before are accepted. SPESIF is the successor to the well-known Space Technologies and Applications International Forum (STAIF) which was held for years at the University of New Mexico and has aligned itself with NASA's Grand Challenges.

This month we are elated about a physics breakthrough from Ulm University in Germany that separates inertial mass and gravitational mass for the first time. Einstein's "Equivalence Principle" has never set right with most physicists and now we have good reason to regard the masses as two distinct phenomena. For UFO buffs, this theory has the potential for explaining and perhaps engineering "right angle turns" and extreme acceleration.

IRI hopes that our #2 story will have some impact on the present Congress to pass an energy bill that includes the American Energy Innovation Council's recommendations for the Federal Energy Research Budget (FERB). However, as usual, private enterprise in the U.S. will always innovate when necessary. The fourth movie in history to visually represent a free energy breakthrough ("Knight and Day") shows that a fuelless energy source is clearly a pearl of great price. In the meantime, geothermal energy is the next closest achievement (story #3).

We also have two amazing bioelectromagnetic stories, one treating cancer with electrical assistance (story #4) and the other showing that chronic cell phone exposure may be worth measuring and labeling (Story #5). A recent $24 million study showed that short term exposure actually helped protect the users with lower incidence of cancer, which was unexplainable by conventional "yes/no" standards but within the predictable, level-dependent and time-dependent protocol found in most bioenergetics protocol (see my book, Bioelectromagnetic Healing, for more details on SAR and the bioenergetics protocol). The best analogy is that a small amount of selenium or vitamin A daily is good for you...a lot each day can reach toxic levels. 

Sincerely,

Thomas Valone, Editor
 
IN THIS ISSUE
1) New Theory Separates Gravitational & Inertial Mass
2) American Energy Innovation Council Calls for tripling of FERB
3) Geothermal Plant Gets Funding from DOE
4) Implantable Electrodes Target Pancreatic Cancer
5) Cell Phones Radiation Levels Now Required by Ordinance
6) COFE4 - SPESIF Call for Papers
 
 
QUICK LINKS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1) New Quantum Theory Separates Gravitational & Inertial Mass
 
Technology Review, Monday, June 14, 2010, Physics arXiv blog

Ed. Note: This is a big breakthrough for physics and space propulsion. We at IRI predict that this discovery will allow the emergence of inertial mass shielding technology to protect astronauts. Secondly, it should result in higher efficiency propulsion due to reduced inertial mass from shielding.  - TV

MassThe equivalence principle is one of the corner stones of general relativity. Now physicists have used quantum mechanics to show how it fails.

The equivalence principle is one of the more fascinating ideas in modern science. It asserts that gravitational mass and inertial mass are identical. Einstein put it like this: the gravitational force we experience on Earth is identical to the force we would experience were we sitting in a spaceship accelerating at 1g. Newton might have said that the m in F=ma is the same as the m in F=Gm1m2/r^2.

This seems eminently sensible. And yet it is no more than an assertion. Sure, we can measure the equivalence with ever increasing accuracy but there is nothing to stop us thinking that at some point the relationship will break down. Indeed several modifications to relativity predict that it will.

One important question is what quantum mechanics has to say on the matter. But physicists have so far been unable to use quantum theory as a lever to tease apart the behaviour of inertial and gravitational mass.

All that changes today with the extraordinary work of Endre Kajari at the University of Ulm in Germany and a few buddies. They show how it is possible to create situations in the quantum world in which the effects of inertial and gravitational mass must be different. In fact, they show that these differences can be arbitrarily large.

Their thinking begins by pointing out the important distinction between kinematics, which is concerned purely with motion not how it arises, and dynamics which focuses on the origin of motion. In the classical world, this has no bearing on the effects of inertial and gravitational mass.

However, in the quantum world, the way states are prepared has huge significance. They point out, for example, that the wave function of a particle in a box does not depend on mass at all whereas the energy wave function of a harmonic oscillator depends on the square root of the mass.

That leads to an interesting idea: that it is possible to create combinations of gravitational and electromagnetic boxes and oscillators in which inertial and gravitational mass play different roles.

It turns out that physicists already play with exactly this kind of set up: the so-called atom trampoline, in which a matter wave falls under the influence of gravity but is bounced by an electromagnetic force. They calculate that the energy eigenvalues of the atom are proportional to the (gravitational mass)^2/3 but to the (inertial mass)^-1/3.

That's an amazing result. The kind of energy spectroscopy of atoms or Bose Einstein Condensates that can spot this difference ought to be achievable, if not now, then very soon within the next few years.

If successful, these kinds of investigations will provide an entirely new way of studying the nature of mass and, perhaps more importantly, of investigating the puzzling relationship between general relativity and quantum mechanics.

For example, cosmologists will want to know how inertial and gravitational mass behaves in the most extreme conditions in the Universe, such as inside black holes.

That promises an exciting few years ahead.

Ref: arxiv.org/abs/1006.1988: Inertial And Gravitational Mass In Quantum Mechanics  

 
2) American Energy Innovation Council calls for a tripling of US Federal Energy Research Budget
 
Dave FroningIf America wants to get off of oil - and, in general, green up our energy supply - what will it take? Lots and lots of federal dollars, that's what. Three times as much as the government spends now, according to a group of business executives who are calling for the increased spending in a study released yesterday.

The group, called the
American Energy Innovation Council, includes people like Bill Gates, the CEOs of Cummins and General Electric and others and warns us that our continued reliance on dirty energy will hurt us. The executive summary starts this way:
As business leaders, we feel that America's current energy system is deficient in ways that cause serious harm to our economy, our national security, and our environment. To correct these deficiencies, we must make a serious commitment to modernizing our energy system with cleaner, more efficient technologies.

Such a commitment should include both robust, public investments in innovative energy technologies as well as policy reforms to deploy these technologies on a large scale. By tapping America's entrepreneurial spirit and longstanding leadership in technology innovation, we can set a course for a prosperous, sustainable economy-and take control of our energy future.

Conversely, if we continue with the energy status quo, we will expose ourselves to risks that pose significant threats to our way of life
.
The Council issued five specific recommendations:
  1. Create an independent national energy strategy board.
  2. Invest $16 billion per year in clean energy innovation.
  3. Create Centers of Excellence with strong domain expertise.
  4. Fund ARPA-E at $1 billion per year.
  5. Establish and fund a New Energy Challenge Program to build large-scale pilot projects.
The Council compares today's federal energy research budget of under $5 billion with the $30 billion the U.S. spends on health research and the $80 billion we give to the military for R&D. Gates told the New York Times that we need to throw just tons of money at the energy problem, accept that a lot of the ideas will fail, and work to create the disruptive technologies that will actually make a dent on cleaning up American energy. Sounds like an idea we can all get behind, no? Thanks to Dan F. for the tip!

[Source:
American Energy Innovation Council via New York Times]
 
 
Related Article:
 
Gates, venture capitalist Doerr issue warning about America's future
 
Join GE CEO Immelt in effort to help U.S. gain an innovation edge in the push for clean tech
 
Patrick Thibodeau, Computerworld, June 10, 2010 , http://mobile.computerworld.com/device/article.php?CALL_URL=http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9177949/Gates_venture_capitalist_Doerr_issue_warning_about_America_s_ future
Computerworld - WASHINGTON -- The ever expanding BP oil spill, in a sense, provides Bill Gates the perfect backdrop for selling Congress and the White House on a proposal to increase annual U.S. spending on clean energy research and development from $5 billion to $16 billion. 
 
Gates, General Electric Co. CEO Jeff Immelt and venture capitalist John Doerr, a partner at Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byer, are among the well-known business people involved in high-level lobbying effort on clean energy.
 
The trio discussed the need for clean energy investment at a press conference here today, and are slated to discuss it further with President Barack Obama this afternoon.
 
Today's message, and a related American Energy Innovation Council report listing a number of energy policy recommendations, didn't cite BP oil spill. It was about which country will lead in what may easily be the world's next big industrial push.  Gates, Immelt and Doerr are all members of the energy innovation council.
This business-driven push for a better energy plan already has some congressional support, principally from U.S. Rep. Bart Gordon (D-Tenn.), who heads the House Committee on Science and Technology. He said Thursday that he plans to work with the group on legislation that implements its proposals.
 
At an earlier meeting with congressional leaders on the BP oil spill, Obama made note of today's planned meeting today with Gates and others.
 
"We can't keep our eye off the importance of having an energy policy that meets the needs of the next generation and ensures that the United States is the leader when it comes to energy policy," said Obama. "We are not yet that leader, and that's what I want us to do."
 
The U.S. isn't the worldwide leader in clean technology today, agreed Doerr during the press conference. America is a worldwide leader in biotechnology and information technology, he said, but "that's not the case in today's energy technologies."
 
Of the top 30 new energy technology companies worldwide that produce batteries, solar technologies and advanced wind energy, only four are headquartered in the United States, Doerr said.
 
"It's very sad that Americans spend more on potato chips than we do on investment in clean energy R&D," said Doerr.
 
Gates said more federal research spending is needed to spur investment in clean technologies. "The incentives aren't there to make it happen," said Gates.
 
"In the same way that the U.S. has led in health care, the same way we have led in IT, it takes an upfront investment," said Gates.
 
U.S.-based General Electric is one of the
top companies on Doerr's list, and Immelt said that its revenue from clean energy products has gone from $5 billion to $20 billion. 
 
"It's created jobs, and it's created competitive advantage," said Immelt, adding that the company plans to increase R&D spending in this area. 
 
The timeline for producing results is years away.
 
It will take a decade to bring a number of technologies in the pilot stage, and perhaps take 20 years before there is a clear idea what the winning technologies look like, according to those involved in this effort.
 
Patrick Thibodeau covers SaaS and enterprise applications, outsourcing, government IT policies, data centers and IT workforce issues for Computerworld. Follow Patrick on Twitter at @DCgov, or subscribe to Patrick's RSS feed . His e-mail address is pthibodeau@computerworld.com.
 
3) Geothermal Plant gets Funding

DOE funds will help finance construction of a geothermal facility using advanced technology.  Technology review  June 2010.

By Prachi Patel

 http://www.technologyreview.com/energy/25631/?nlid=3139&a=f

The U.S. Department of Energy has offered a $102.2 million loan guarantee, its first for geothermal energy, to U.S. Geothermal, based in Boise, ID. The guarantee is designed to support construction of a 22-megawatt plant at Neal Hot Springs, near Vale, OR.

U.S. Geothermal will use a technology called supercritical binary cycle to convert geothermal heat into electric power. The technology has been around since the 1980s but hasn't been commercialized. The DOE's loan guarantee, which serves as a promise to back a loan in case the company defaults, could give venture capitalists and private investors confidence in investing in the geothermal technology.

US geothermal Plant, Courtesy of US DOE
Geothermal energy
Daniel Kunz, CEO of U.S. Geothermal, says the supercritical binary plant could be 10 to 20 percent more efficient than geothermal plants operating now. The plant, which is in three modules, will be built by Houston-based TAS Energy and transported to the geothermal site on flatbed trucks and strung together, Kunz says. "This modularity should allow us to compress the timetable and cost of deployment. The risks of construction should be lower."

The power plant is expected to be online in 2012. All of its power output will be sold to Idaho Power Company, the largest utility in Idaho, as part of a 25-year agreement.

Conventional binary geothermal power plants are a well-established technology to produce electricity from moderate-temperature resources between 93 ºC and 149 ºC. Hot water drawn up from underground reservoirs cycles through a heat exchanger, where it heats a working fluid that is kept physically separate. The working fluid, typically an organic chemical such as isopentane, boils at a lower temperature than water. As it vaporizes, the force of the expanding vapor spins a turbine that generates electricity.

Supercritical binary plants use a similar setup. The only difference is that the working fluid is pumped up to a pressure above the fluid's "critical pressure" before it flows into the heat exchanger. At this supercritical pressure, the fluid does not vaporize at a specific temperature. Instead, it gradually transitions from a liquid to a high-density vapor that gets lighter and lighter as it heats up. This lets the working fluid extract more heat from the hot water, increasing the power plant's efficiency.

Building costs for a supercritical plant can be higher than traditional binary plants because the heat exchangers and pipes have to be stronger to handle the higher pressure. But the federal loan guarantees will help U.S. Geothermal get access to the necessary capital.

A few small test plants (less than 100-kilowatt) using supercritical binary geothermal technology have been built and run without any difficulty, says Gregory Mines, a geothermal energy researcher at the Idaho National Laboratory. In the 1980s, the DOE and Electric Power Research Institute built a 50-megawatt supercritical binary plant in Heber, CA, that ran for about three years. U.S. Geothermal's plant "should hopefully provide financial people an assurance that it's not an off-the-wall technology, it's proven and viable," says Mines.

 
4) Implantable Electrodes Target Pancreatic Cancer
Nidhi Subbaraman,  Technology Review, June 17, 2010
 
http://www.technologyreview.com/biomedicine/25624/?a=f

Researchers use electric fields to get cancer drugs directly to tumors.

Researchers at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill have designed an implant that precisely supplies chemotherapy drugs to hard-to-reach pancreatic tumors using an electric field.

The approach, which Joseph DeSimone described during a presentation at the Koch Cancer Institute's summer symposium in Cambridge, MA, on June 11, involves implanting an electrode carrying a reservoir of the drugs directly into the pancreas. When a second electrode is pinned to the side of the body or implanted inside, an electric field can be generated, driving the drugs out of the reservoir and into the tumor. Tests on pancreatic tumors in mice showed promising results that the team hopes to publish in the coming months.

Implantable electrodes (front and side view) will be inserted into the pancreas to treat pancreatic tumors locally. When an electric field is applied, drugs held in the reservoir of the electrode will pour out of the electrode and into the tumor. Credit: DeSimone lab, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Tumors in the pancreas sprout from the inner ducts of the tubular organ and spread quickly, sometimes gripping nearby arteries in a viselike stranglehold. Because they are pressed up close to delicate organs and vital arteries, these tumors are difficult to remove surgically. Treatment currently available to patients with advanced-stage pancreatic cancer is a customized combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. "Frankly [current treatment is] not very effective," says Joel Tepper, a radiation oncologist at the Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. "It does improve the median survival of patients by a number of months, but it's not producing nearly the kind of dramatic effects we'd like to see."

One reason that pancreatic tumors are so difficult to treat is that their poor blood supply limits the access of bloodborne chemotherapies to the cancerous tissue. Dosage concentrations are capped to prevent the chemotherapy from affecting healthy tissue as it courses through the rest of the body. "What you do is dose people up to the maximum toxicity level... you're poisoning the whole body," says DeSimone. "You're trying to get something locally, and it's just not getting there."

Using the implant, the team has been able to send the drugs directly into the mouse tumor. "We now know that the drug is in these tumors in huge concentrations," says DeSimone. The device also localized the chemotherapy to the area around the tumor. When blood from other parts of the mouse was tested for the drug, concentrations were below detectable limits. "For the focal delivery of the drug, this is a huge opportunity," DeSimone says. "But we need more time to verify that we can actually prove the outcome, by shrinking the tumors."

A potential application of this device will be to shrink large, inoperable tumors, pulling them away from vital organs and enabling surgeons to access them. "Only one in five patients who have pancreatic cancer will undergo surgery," says Jen Jen Yeh, a clinical oncologist at the Lineberger Center and collaborator on the project. "If we increase the number of patients who are eligible for surgery, we may increase the number of people who have a chance of cure," says Yeh.

The team has yet to show that the tumors shrink once the drugs have reached the tumors in mice. Also, since human tumors would need bigger electrodes, the lab has scaled up the implant and is testing it in dogs. Though the dogs lack tumors, the team can account for corrections in the amount of current delivered and the current density, which would differ for a larger electrode that could be used to treat human tumors.

"We hope to get this to the clinic in the next two years," says James Byrne, an MD-PhD student in DeSimone's lab who designed the electrodes. "We're ensuring that the device is safe enough and efficacious enough that it can be used in patients."

 
 
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5) CellPhone Radiation Levels required by Ordinance
San Francisco requires stores to post cellphone radiation levels


Cecilia Kang  Washington Post,  June 22, 2010; http://voices.washingtonpost.com/posttech/2010/06/san_francisco_requires_stores.html?hpid=sec-tech

(Ed. Note: IRI celebrates this factual disclosure of EM radiation levels in SAR. See Bioelectromagnetic Healing book published by IRI for more information on the SAR and its significance. The latest study showed low exposure is protective (as explained in our book) but high or chronic exposure to cell phones is related to higher chance of cancer.   - TV)

San Francisco on Tuesday became the first U.S. jurisdiction to respond to increased concerns over possible links between cellphone use and cancer, adopting a city ordinance requiring retailers to post the radiation levels of mobile phones.

In a 10-to-1 vote, the city's board of supervisors passed an ordinance that would require stores to post the specific absorption rates (SAR) of phones. Those rates are the levels at which radio frequencies penetrate body tissue. Mayor Gavin Newsom co-sponsored the measure and is expected to sign off on the ordinance to make it official.

San Francisco's action casts new attention on the potential link between cellphone use and cancer and other illnesses caused by the radiation emitted from phones. The issue hasn't gained as much attention in the United States as it has overseas, where Israel, Great Britain, France and Germany are among a growing number of countries that have begun warning cellphones users of potential risks those devices pose for long-term users and children.

The cellphone industry, meanwhile, has successfully fought similar legislation in the California legislature. Its trade groups CTIA and TechAmerica also argued against a bill in Maine this year that would require Maine retailers to brandish warning labels of the effects cellphone radiation might have on children. Both bills were defeated, and the industry argued that both would have caused confusion and gone against some scientific studies that don't show a link between cellphone use and cancer.

But there has also been a growing body of research that shows a potential connection between long-term cellphone use and brain tumors. And the risks are greater for children, according to some scientists who participated in a 13-nation long-term study on cellphone use and cancer called Interphone.

"It is my hope that today's vote in San Francisco will spur more research into the possible health effects of radiation emitted by mobile phones, particularly with respect to potential effects on children," said Rep. Ed Markey (D-Mass.), former chairman of the House telecommunications subcommittee. Markey had conducted hearings in the early 1990s into the health impact of cellphones. "No single study is conclusive, and ongoing research is needed to add to the body of knowledge on this important subject. I look forward to following the implementation of the San Francisco ordinance and continuing the work I began in the 1990s when I was chairman of the telecommunications subcommittee, to encourage more scientific studies that advance our understanding in this vital area."

 
 
 
6) COFE4 - SPESIF 2011 Call For Papers

Space, Propulsion & Energy Sciences International Forum

March 15-17, 2011  

University of Maryland, College Park, MD

 

2011 Theme: Future Directions in Science & Technology

 
CALL FOR PAPERS

INITIAL ABSTRACTS DUE: AUGUST 15, 2010

DRAFT PAPER SUBMISSION DUE: SEPTEMBER 15, 2010

FINAL MANUSCRIPTS DUE: DECEMBER 15, 2010

 
 

Sponsored by the Institute for Advanced Studies in the Space, Propulsion and Energy Sciences In Co-Operation with:

 Dave Froning    Dave Froning      Dave Froning

 

 

In March 2011 the Institute for Advanced Studies in the Space, Propulsion and Energy Sciences will hold its 3rd forum at the University of Maryland, College Park, MD. The Space, Propulsion & Energy Sciences International Forum upholds the momentum and positive collaborative environment established by the former Space Technologies and Applications International Forum (STAIF), last held in 2008. 

 

SPESIF provides a platform for the interchange of ideas among technologists, academicians, industrialists, and program managers on technical and programmatic issues related to the Space, Propulsion and Energy Sciences. Among its organizers, conference and session chairs, and attendees, are high-level representatives from industry, government agencies, and institutes of higher learning. 

 

Both papers and presentations are welcome. Approved papers for SPESIF are reviewed by the technical staff, Chairs and Co-Chairs and other Committee Members needed for a proper peer review and are published by the American Institute of Physics  (AIP) in an AIP Conference Proceedings. 

 

The forum addresses a wide range of topics across symposiums, conferences and meetings as follows:

 

SYMPOSIUM ON NEW FRONTIERS IN THE SPACE PROPULSION SCIENCES

This symposium pertains to the advancement of the space propulsion sciences from current technologies to emerging concepts and theories covering the contemporary propulsion sciences, technologies and techniques for short-term objectives supporting near-term space initiatives for Earth, in-orbit, Moon and Mars-based propulsion and power systems; enhancement of the feasibility of future space propulsion systems; new frontiers in the space propulsion sciences comprising ideas, concepts, experiments, theories and models; and approaches that could lead to new directions in space travel, exploration, astrophysics and particle physics with applications to propulsion, power or communication; or to help combine these areas of science with the space propulsion sciences toward new frontiers in science.

 

SYMPOSIUM ON ASTROSOCIOLOGY

This symposium focuses on topics common to the space community, though from a social-scientific perspective. That is, a strong consideration of how each topic relates to society, culture, and the individual - the traditional purview of the social and behavioral sciences, humanities, and the arts (hereafter referred to as the "social sciences" for brevity) -- defines astrosociology. A major theme of the symposium focuses on how traditional knowledge and findings of the social sciences, which normally focus on terrestrial matters, actually possess important applications for space exploration and related issues. Moreover, the direct application of social science research and theory-building in contemporary and future timeframes receive attention as vital components in the understanding of humanity's efforts in space environments in terms of exploration, settlement, work, and recreation. Examination of the impact of space exploration on terrestrial societies and cultures receives attention in addition to that of humans in space.

 

SYMPOSIUM ON HIGH-FREQUENCY GRAVITATIONAL WAVES: 

This Symposium provides a forum for discussions pertaining to the means of detecting and generating HFGWs and their practical application. Papers on HFGWs may encompass the high-frequency (100 kHz to 100 MHz), very high frequency (100 MHz to 100 GHz), and ultra high frequency (greater than 100 GHz) bands all referred to as HFGWs and should concentrate on the means for evolving this technology. Specific interests also include (but are not limited to) the description of HFGWs in conventional space-time, applications to astrophysics, communication, nuclear effects, surveillance and remote movement of massive objects. Concepts may be either theoretical or based upon actual experiments or fabricated devices and should include rigorous, logical, scientific support and plausible assumptions and/or data to validate the fundamental aspects of the presented papers.

 

CONFERENCE ON FUTURE ENERGY

This conference deals with experiments, theories, and approaches that will help man achieve both a short-term and long-term solutions to fueless energy for electricity generation and travel, as well as drugless energy medicine. Short-term objectives support the near-term environmental initiative for humankind to live on the earth without burning fossil fuels and off the earth, to the Moon and Mars. Long-term objectives will lay down the scientific foundation necessary for future generations to extend mankind's ability to survive in other parts of our solar system. These long-term objectives are more pronounced and designed to stretch the intellectual capabilities and imagination of mankind in advanced technical disciplines. This will broaden our understanding and usage of the space environment for communications, power generation/storage, and propulsion.

 

MEETING ON FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN SPACE 

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

This meeting seeks to promote the dream of space exploration by providing a venue for basic research and current technology developments currently underway in various areas of space science and technology that could prove beneficial in the near future. In any integrated space vehicle, there are a large number of independent and interdependent systems that are needed to accomplish mission success. In some cases, there are engineers and scientists that work with fine focus to produce prototypes of high fidelity subsystems (such as navigation or propulsion) that are relevant for next generation spacecraft; while in other cases, teams of engineers and scientists work diligently and carefully to incorporate the latest cutting-edge subsystems into an integrated spacecraft tailor built to accomplish a specific other-worldly task. In all cases, it is critical that engineers and scientists alike be keenly aware of the trade space of available hardware and technology at their disposal so as to allow them to focus their efforts on the real technical innovation challenges. 

 

******

Abstracts and papers should be concise, clear, and original according to the supporting information; theoretical analysis, references provided, and presentations, which should be logical and based upon sound scientific principles. If a departure from the conventional science is claimed, it is the author's responsibility to persuade and clarify this point in a balanced but scientifically convincing manner supported by adequate and acceptable evidence as well as identify experiments for testing their claims. 

 

Submit abstracts to abstracts@ias-spes.org

 
Submit manuscripts to manuscripts@ias-spes.org  
 

Please address questions and comments to the organizing chair:

 

Glen A. Robertson 

265 Ita Ann Ln.

Madison, AL 35757

gar@ias-spes.org

 256-694-7941
 
 
 
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